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What is Orbital Debris?
Orbital debris (duh BREE) is "junk" that is circling Earth. It is pieces from spacecraft. Humans have been launching objects into space for more than 50 years. Most of those objects have fallen back to Earth. A piece of debris falls back to Earth about once a day. These objects either land or burn up in the atmosphere. Most objects that return to Earth end up in water, since it makes up 70 percent of Earth's surface. But many of the objects sent into space are still in orbit around Earth.
Problems of Orbital Debris!
Satellite collisions would produce orbiting fragments, each of which would increase the probability of further collisions, leading to the growth of a belt of debris around the Earth
Debris leads to significant problems for spaceflight around Earth. The risk would be highest for objects orbiting at an altitude of around 1,000 kilometres (620 miles), which is used for communications and Earth observation.
Sometimes debris could collide with satellites and even a small debris could lead to a damage to satellites and thus increases the cost of maintainence.
Why Is Orbital Debris Important!
Debris present in space
of debris is present in outer space
Revenue used to remove debris
Solutions for Orbital Debris!
De Orbiting – pushing this junk out of orbit and into the Earth’s atmosphere where it can burn up. The most common approach, is to opt for a controlled re-entry. This solution is quite heavy and expensive, as it requires additional fuel.
Laser orbital debris removal (LODR) is used to solve the orbital debris crisis within the low Earth orbit (LEO). LODR is a contactless method in that applying a force or impulse to the object to be de-orbited does not require to physically contact it. The system uses a laser either on Earth or in orbit to shone on the object that is to be deorbited
Deployable nets are deploy something akin to a fisher’s net called a tether-net from a chaser spacecraft (still connected to the net) in the proximity of an orbital debris that needs to be removed from orbit. The tether-net is deployed ahead of the debris to be removed. The debris slowly drifts into and gets tangled by the tether net. Then the chaser spacecraft fires thrusters to change the orbit of both itself and the debris in the net such that they will reenter Earth’s atmosphere and burn.
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